- Focus on the artist - close ups, mid shots, two shots
- Busy frame - lots going on, keeping shots interesting
- Low angles - shows dominance, can emphasise brands
- Eye level - establishes relationship
- Tracking - movement provides energy
- Wide shots - especially for performances
- Crane shots
- Establishing shots
- Tilts
- Long shots
Mise-en-scene
- Performance
- Lip-syncing
- Choreography
- Interaction with other people in the video
- Direct address
- Instruments
- Casting
- Attractive
- More often women
- Young
- Sometimes well-known/famous
- Sexualised costumes and makeup
- Made to look more attractive
- Mise-en-scene is all very deliberate and stylised
- Ideals
- Beautiful homes
- Amazing weather
- Aspirations
- Idealistic lifestyles
- Locations
- High budget
- Expensive looking sets
- Vague/neutral
- Relatable
- No specific location
- Eg. Rihanna - We Found Love was shot in Northern Ireland
- Lighting
- Highkey
- Spotlights often used in performance videos
- Colour
- Intensity
- Projections
- Smoke
- Wind
Editing
- Abstract/non-linear editing
- Fast pace
- Slow motion
- Musical editing
- Rhythmic
- Graphics/intertitles
- Lyrics
- Overlaying shots/footage
- Images
- Special effects/CGI
- Artists look enhanced
- Equivalent of Photoshop
- Pull focusing
Sound
- Music
- Voiceover
- eg. Arctic Monkeys - Why'd You Only Call Me When You're High?
- Ambient sound
- Creates atmosphere
- Muted sound
- Music can dip as well
- For narrative to come forward
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